01 - Preheat oven to 425°F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper for easy cleanup.
02 - Place trimmed asparagus spears in a single layer on the prepared baking sheet, ensuring even spacing for consistent roasting.
03 - Drizzle olive oil evenly over asparagus. Sprinkle with kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper. Toss gently to coat each spear thoroughly.
04 - Roast in preheated oven for 12 to 15 minutes until asparagus is tender-crisp and tips begin to caramelize and turn golden brown.
05 - Remove from oven. Immediately sprinkle with freshly grated Parmesan cheese and lemon zest while still hot to allow cheese to melt slightly.
06 - Drizzle with fresh lemon juice just before serving. Serve immediately while hot for optimal flavor and texture.